PREHISTORY H/W

Introduction to Prehistory

What’s the difference between Prehistory and History?

 The difference between Prehistory and History is that in History the writting existed and that in Prehistory it didn't exist.

What does Palaeolithic mean?

Paleo means old and lithic means stone, so the complete word means "oldstone" that it is like in the Stone age.

Go to www.atapuerca.com and find out:

What is Atapuerca? Why is it important?

Atapuerca is a mountain range, it´s important because has become a compulsory reference point in the study of the human presence and evolution in Europe.

Where is it?

Sierra de Atapuerca is in the 'Bureba Corridor', a geographic passage linking the Ebro and Duero River basins, with the mountains of Sierra de la Demanda to the south and the foothills of the Cantabria Range to the north

What can you find there?

We can a wide variety of flora and fauna species

Write about the most important fact you think it is there.

The capacity of walk. This was dicovered 4 million years ago. Other changes very importants that have made us be humans are: the expansion of the brain, the language, the fire, use and built of tools, but this characteristics have envolve lower.

I took this link from:
http://www.historiasiglo20.org/MEC-BC/8.htm

Jews, Christians & Muslims

                                                         JEWS
  
In Jewish tradition, the jewish people is traced to the Biblical patriarchs Abraham, Isaac and Jacob. the jewish religion is located in the State of Israel, an independent state.
According to their tradition, the Jewish people originated from the Israelites of the Southern Levant, who had several independent states.all Israelites were descended from Abraham, who was born in the Sumerian city of Ur, and migrated to Canaan (known as the Land of Israel).
Judaism guides its people in both practice and belief, and has been called not only a religion, but also a way of life.Their religion is based on the Torah, that is divided into five books. The Torah is one of the three books of the Old testament.

                  CHRISTIANS


Christianism is based on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth.There are two books; the New Testament and the Old testament, the new one is based on Jesus and his life and, the old one is based on "Dios" the christianism's god.

                  MUSLIMS

Muslim is an adherent of Islam, a monotheistic and Abrahamic religion based on the Qur'an, which is their religious book. Muslims believe that God is one and incomparable.
Most Muslims accept as a Muslim anyone who has publicly pronounced the Shahadah:
-"I testify that there is none worthy of worship except God and I testify that Muhammad is the Messenger of God."
Their religious practices include daily prayers, the pilgrimage to Mecca and other prayers. At least once in lifetime.

Differences:

Each one have a different book; and, for example, they don't have the same idea of their god.
Muslims and Jews are monotheistics religions and the christianism not.
The muslims have to pray a lot of times a day and christians not.
And Jews have five books and christians only have two.

Arroyomolinos

FIRST PART:


This is Spain, Madrid.


This is Madrid, Arroyomolinos.
Around Arroyomolinos is Navalcarnero, Móstoles, Alcorcón, Fuenlabrada, Moraleja, Cotorredondo, Parla, Pinto...



This are the coordinates of Arroyomolinos, it has mediterranean climate because the summers are hot and dry and the winters are wet and cool.


Here are many transports like, buses, but usually people go on car. There aren't any train. Here there are a lot of population, approximately there are between 15.000 and 18.000.


Hystory:


The first mayor of Arroyomolinos was Gomez de Toledo.
Now, our mayor is Juan Velarde.
At first Arroyomolinos was a little town with many houses and a tower at the centre of it. And now is a big town with a lot of children and people liing in it, it has a lot of houses, parks, roads, ...

SECOND PART:

We went to the park next to the high school; from there we can see Gredos, Navalcarnero, Navacerrada mountains, hills, meadows, ...


And here there are some photos:

The Earth's climates.

HOT CLIMATE ZONES:

Equatorial landscapes.

Jungle.

·In a jungle the temperature is high (around 25º C) and rainfall is heavy and regular (approximately

2000 mm).
·Vegetation is lush with abundant large species. These forested areas are known as jungle.
Many trees grow very tall in search of sunlight. There are also many bushes, grasses and flowers.
·In the jungle, as well as mammals, there are many species of birds, reptiles and insects. Most animals are small and move easily in the dense vegetation.

Tropical landscapes.

Savannas.
·In a savanna the temperature is high all year. There are two seasons: the rainy season (summer) and the dry season (winter).
·Savannas are common in tropical zones. Savannas are open grasslands with shrubs and isolated trees.

·Many herbivores live in the savannas. These include elephants, gazelles, zebras and antelopes. Predators like lions, hyenas and leopards also live there.

Desert landscapes.

Desert.
·The temperatures of the desert are very high during the day and very cold at night. Rainfall is light and irregular.

·There are no rivers in the desert but thre are wadis. This is the arabic word for dry riverbeds that contain water only at certain times of the year. There is almost no vegetation because of the harsh climate.



COLD CLIMATES ZONE:

Polar landscape.

Tundra.
·The temperature is very low (between 0ºC and -40ºC). Precipitation is low and usually in the form of snow.
·Vegetation only grows during the warmest period of the year. It is limited to the areas bordering the Artic and Antartic Circles. These areas are called tundra. Vegetation is in the form of mosses, lichens and small flowers.



Mountain landscapes.

Mountains.
·In these areas, temperatures are very low. Precipitation is heavy but decreases as altitude increases. The precipitation on mountaintops is in the form of snow.
·Three factors affect vegetation: latitude, altitude and the direction the vegetation faces. However, as a general rule, the vegetation in an area always changes in stages with changes in altitude.



TEMPERATURE CLIMATE ZONES:

Oceanic landscapes.

Ocean.
·The ocean causes mild temperatures. Rainfall is light and regular.
·Meadows are the most common form of vegetation.
Other types of vegetation include decidiuous forests (oak, chestnut and beach trees) and moors (uncultivated areas of low-lying vegetation).
·Mammals sush as bears, foxes and wild boars live in the forests. Small rodents like mice live on the moors.

Continental landscapes.

·These areas are far from the ocean and its influence. For this reason, temperature are extreme with hot summers and cold winters. Precipitation is scarce.

·Although there is little rain, rivers have a high flow. This is due to the numerous tributaries that flow through the large plains.

·In the north, the most common vegetation is taiga with pine, fir, larch and birch trees.

In the south, temperatures are higher and rainfall lighter. There are extensive grasslands in these areas, such as steppes and prairies.

·Common fauna in coniferous forests include deer, moose, squirrels and hares.

Mediterranean landscapes.

Coast.

·In the Mediterranean climate summers are hot and winters are mild because of the proximity to the sea. Autumn is the rainiest season.

·Rivers have a low, irregular flow due to seasonal variations in rainfall.

In summer, rivers carry little water and some are completely dry. Storms often cause floods after especially arid summers.

·Mediterranean forests are made up of evergreen trees such as pines and holm oaks. Shrubland forms the undergrowth of the forests.

The effects of grazing by animals as well as forest fires are causing forests to dissapear. In their place, maquis and garrigue shrubland has become abundant.

·Large mammals, such as bears or wolves, are now rare in the Mediterranean landscape. However, there are many mice, rabbits, hares, snakes and other reptiles. There are also numerous insects and birds.

Vocabulary

Delta:

Is an area of low land near the sea where a river separates into many smaller rivers. This is the Okavango delta:
   

Tributary:

Is a river or stream that flows into a larger river. This is the Tupojoky tributary:

 

Lake:

Is a large area of water surrounded by land. This is the California lake:

Torrent:

Is a large amount of water moving very quickly in a particular direction. This is a torrent:

Waterfall:

Is a place where a river or stream drops down over a cliff or rock. This is a waterfall:

Bog:

Is an area of soft muddy ground:

 

Glacier:

Is a large mass of ice that moves slowly down a mountain valley. This is the Vatnajokull glacier:

Tide:

Is the regular rising and falling of the level of the sea:

 

Flow:

The smooth steady movement of the river.

Teacher comments

Here you can put your commentaries or corrections about my tasks or homework.

My travel around the world.

Hi!, I´m in France, today morning, we went to París to visit the Eiffel tower, was very beautiful and impresionant because it was very large, and finally The Victory arch, was beautiful too but there were a lot of people, cars and buses...

Then, we went to have dinner at a cafe called "café qui parle", the food was delicious and I liked it a lot.Then after dinner we went to the Lovre museum and its pyramid (a very big one...).Then at six o'clock we went back to the capital, because we were very tired because of the walk a long the day.

Here in France, I read that, at the centre, the climate is continental, with more hot summers and winters with less rain, and I think it is true because here is cold but is not rainig yet.

Here is tipical the pork and beef meat, cold cuts, the potatoes, the mushrooms and red wine.

Now I will go to visit Belgium, and last week we went to visit some part of America because I want to visit all world in 80 days like Phileas Fogg, it is exciting!, I love travel...

             Bye!, see you soon.